Outliers: The Story of Success – Malcolm Gladwell / 马尔科姆·格拉德威尔异类：不一样的成功启示录异数：成功和你想的不一样 Audiobook 有声书 – (outliers)

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: 《Outliers – The Story of Success》

: 《异数：超凡与平凡的界限在哪里？》

: 《异类：不一样的成功启示录》

简介 Intro

<Outliers: The Story of Success>《异类：不一样的成功启示录》—— Malcolm Gladwell / 马尔科姆·格拉德威尔

In this wide-ranging third installment of Malcolm Gladwell\’s exploration of how people and social phenomena work, the New Yorker journalist takes a close look at what constitutes high levels of success. That is, what makes people at the top of their respective fields get there? As we\’ve come to expect from Gladwell\’s previous books, the answer to the question is a bit complicated.

He says that upbringing, culture and even random luck have something to with success, but there is another important quality that anyone can control. Two chapters are dedicated to the \”revelation\” that IQ is only a baseline quality and success has little to nothing to do with having a high IQ or a low IQ. Rather, success is substantially a prosrcct of cultivating a high degree of what Robert Sternberg calls \”practical intelligence\” or what most refer to as \”emotional intelligence.\”

Gladwell uses the example of Nobel laureates coming from unknown schools as often as ivy league schools. At this level of mastery IQ is no longer a factor. Success has little to do with where you were esrccated and everything to do with your level of practical/emotional intelligence and willingness to put in the 10,000 hours of practice required to reach mastery of your field.

All in all, it\’s an interesting read that isn\’t too heady and goes by pretty quickly, as the interesting anecdotes are what you would expect from Gladwell.

本书将带我们走进了成功人士的世界，意外揭开一连串令人惊异的统计结果：英超联赛大多数球员都在9月至11月出生；比尔·盖茨和史蒂夫·乔布斯都生于1955年；纽约很多着名律所的开创者竟都是犹太人后裔，并且其祖辈大多在纽约服装行业谋生。

为什么会出现这种情况？原因在于：英超球员的注册时间是每年9月，在同龄球员中，9月出生的人实际上比8月出生的人几乎大了一岁，一岁之差对他们的职业生涯影响巨大；1955年前后正是计算机革命时期，出生太早，无法拥有个人电脑，而出生太晚，计算机革命的时机又被别人占去……因此，那些奇才异类得感谢机遇的眷顾。

另外，他们的成功还需要上辈人的文化熏陶，与文化传承息息相关：中国人的数学优势得益于中国人种植水稻的勤劳精神和汉字读音的简洁明了；20世纪90年代初韩国较高的飞机失事率，也是由韩国上下级之间过于严格的等级制度造成的。

怪才格拉德威尔告诉我们，如果没有机遇、文化和环境因素，即便是智商超过爱因斯坦，也只能做一份平庸的工作。《异类》带领我们找到了成功的根源，发现了更深刻的成功契机，也为社会变革带来新的启示。

关键词：异类：不一样的成功启示录;麦尔坎．葛拉威尔;

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《Outliers - The Story of Success》截图（点击放大）

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读者评论 Readers\’ Comments

这不是一本简单粗暴的成功学无脑作，而是严肃认真的社会学研究！对政府部门，社会工作者和教育工作者启发更大些

努力是成功的唯一必要条件，能不能成功其实都是命…

写得太精彩了，恨不得一口气读完。读完仔细想想，结论其实平淡无奇。关键是选取的材料和写作的手法让人有峰回路转之感。

一万小时理论，马太效应，一个人的成功是天时地利人和，家庭情况，时代背景对成功影响很大，天才也要靠机遇，富人的孩子在人际交往方面具有很强的优势,富人孩子更早接受权利观念教育，通过从小的训练和培养，会通过追问、磋商、以放松的心情开着玩笑的方式把权利向自己方向倾斜

成功源自优势的不断积累：你出生在何时何地，你父母的职业以及你成长的环境。

天资、勤奋、运气、时代大环境、家庭条件、教育背景……对于成功来说都起到了多大作用？此书还是很中肯的

作者 Author

Malcolm Gladwell / 马尔科姆·格拉德威尔

Malcolm Gladwell has been a staff writer at The New Yorker since 1996. He is the author of The Tipping Point, Blink, Outliers, and What the Dog Saw. Prior to joining The New Yorker, he was a reporter at the Washington Post. Gladwell was born in England and grew up in rural Ontario. He now lives in New York.