古典占星术语 古典占星知识 运行资料 数位减少 增加

许多人常误解古人因为科技不够进步,只能用肉眼观察天体的运行,进而认为他们对于天体运行的描述与判断不够精确,而对古典占星学的准确度大打折扣。但实际上占星学虽然源自天文学,但古人将天体现象与人世间所有的活动结合归纳后,早已衍伸出自成一格的征象式理论,因此虽然古代的天文知识现在看来似乎过时,但若以征象学的角度来看,他们最早提出的天文学概念可称为占星学的天文学,不应与现代的纯天文学相提并论。

古典占星的天文学以托勒密的《占星四书》(Tetrabiblos)为代表,他试图建构占星学的合理科学基础,并承袭亚里斯多德以地球为宇宙中心的观点提出均轮和本轮行星运动理论模式,大致解释了当时人们对于天体运行现象的理解。而从他的理论亦延伸出许多复杂的天文计算方法与资料,并直接应用在占星师判断吉凶的应用上。

Decreasing/Increasing in calculation(运行资料减少/增加)即是一例,系指当行星在黄道上真实的运行/位置(true motion/position)比其平均位置更靠前时,就必须将其平均运行/位置(mean motion/position)的资料加上偏差值(equation),即运行资料增加。而当减去偏差值时,即运行资料的减少。

而运行数字增加/减少(Increasing/decreasing in number)系指行星每日运行的速度(或至少是指行星的本轮[epicycle]中心的运行速度)看起来是加快(或减慢)的。当行星从近地点(perigee)向远地点(apogee)前进时,由于离开地球愈来愈远,其运行速度看起来是减慢的;若行星从远地点向近地点前进,则因距离地球愈来愈近,其运行速度看起来是加快的。

从以上定义来看,虽然运行资料/数位的减少或增加最终是指行星运行的速度是减少或增加的,但两者其实根据不同的理论。以下两个案例分别取自《占星诗集》及《选择与开始》,说明古人是如何应用这个概念在吉凶判断上:

And look too at the Moon: for if you found the Moon in a good place (along with I stated of the suitability of the second place), and looking at the second place, increasing in her calculation and her glow, trining the Sun, and Mars not looking at her, it indicates that he will be known, powerful in leadership and action in the cities and the work of kings, trusted among them, influential for that reason. But if what I stated was just as I stated, and the Moon decreasing, then it will reduce him and they will not present his management favorably, and they will not have praise for it.

同时应检视月亮:若月亮在吉宫(二宫状态如上所述是良好的),并注视二宫,运行资料增加且增光,并三分太阳,火星未注视月亮,命主将为知名有为的领导,为城市或国王争光而备受赞扬且具影响力。若月亮如上所述,但运行资料减少、减光,将减少以上吉象,命主难以正面地发挥管理能力,亦无法因此而获得赞扬。

[引自戴克博士所编译《占星诗集》]

In this, let the Moon be in some feminine angle, also the lord of the Ascendant, subtracting in motion. But the lord of the Midheaven and Mercury should be safe. And if the Moon were with Mercury, it will be useful. If Mercury were even in his own lesser course, it will be good. ‘Umar al-Tabarī said, the crooked signs are good for those buying, and even seem to help sellers. And if the Moon were in signs ascending in declination, increasing her number, it makes whatever someone then buys, dear—and contrariwise.

在此,须使月亮落于某阴性角落,上升主星亦如此,减速。但中天主星和水星应未受伤害。而若月亮与水星相会合,则是有益的。若水星行进较少则是有利的。乌玛·塔巴里则称,扭曲星座对购买者有利,甚至似乎亦有助于售卖者。而若月亮落于在赤纬上升的星座之中、增速,则购买的任何物品都是昂贵的——反之则反。

[引自戴克博士所编译《选择与开始》]

(注:subtract in motion是指运行速度缩减,同decreasing in calculation)

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