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LEGAL SYSTEMS AND WIND ENERGY A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVEPDF电子书下载

外文

• 作 者：KLUWER LAW LNTERNATIONAL
• 出 版 社：WOLTERS KLUWER
• 出版年份：2009
• ISBN：9041128317
• 页数：359 页

图书介绍： 查看图书目录点击购买PDF全本电子书 上一篇：THE OTHER SIDE OF THE STORY STRUCTURES AND STRATEGIES OF CONTEMPORARY FEMINIST NARRATIVE下一篇：TRUE DIGITAL CONTROL：STATISTICAL MODELLING AND NON-MINIMAL STATE SPACE DESIGN 《LEGAL SYSTEMS AND WIND ENERGY A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE》目录 标签：

Preface11

Contributors13

Chapter 1. Introduction&By Helle Tegner Anker, Birgitte Egelund Olsen ＆ Anita Ronne17

1. Background17

2. A Comparative Approach18

3. Environmental and Energy Law19

4. The Structure20

Chapter 2. Civil Law and Common Law Systems&By Julian Juergensmeyer ＆ Ellen Margrethe Basse25

1. Introduction25

2. The Civil and Common Law Traditions26

2.1. Historical Background of the Civil Law System27

2.2. Historical Background of the Common Law System29

3. Civil Law and Common Law Systems-Compared and Contrasted30

3.1. Sources of Law31

3.2. Codes34

Chapter 3. International and EU Legal Systems37

1. The International Legal System-by Sanford Gaines37

1.1. Legal Sources and Main Principles37

1.2. The Relationship between International Law and National Law39

1.3. Energy and Environmental Law39

2. The EU Legal System-by Birgitte Egelund Olsen44

2.1. The EU Legal Tradition45

2.2. Historical Background49

2.3. Legal Institutions and Law Making51

2.4. The Relationship between EU Law and International Law54

2.5. The Balance of Powers between the EU and the Member States56

2.6. The Role of the Court57

2.7. Energy and Environmental Law58

Chapter 4. National Legal Systems61

1. The Danish Legal System-by Ellen Margrethe Basse ＆ Jorgen Dalberg-Larsen61

1.1. The Scandinavian Legal Tradition61

1.2. The Danish Legal Tradition67

1.3. The Role of the Courts71

1.4. Environmental and Energy Law71

1.5. Commentary from a Norwegian Point of View-by Hans Christian Bugge73

2. The United States Legal System-by Julian Juergensmeyer ＆ Sanford Gaines75

2.1. The US Legal Tradition75

2.2. Historical Background80

2.3. Legal Institutions and Law Making81

2.4. The Role of the Courts86

2.5. Energy and Environmental Law87

2.6. Commentary from a New Zealand Point of View-by Barry Barton ＆ David Grinlinton90

Chapter 5. Jurisdiction, Fundamental Rights and the Market&By Helle Tegner Anker, Sanford Gaines ＆ Birgitte Egelund Olsen93

1. Introduction93

2. Jurisdictional issues94

2.1. International-National Level94

2.2. Federal-State Level95

2.3. National-Regional-Local Level97

3. Protection of Fundamental Rights102

3.1. Private Property Rights102

3.2. Right to a Good Environment?107

3.3. Right to Information and Public Participation110

3.4. Access to Justice113

4. Market Conditions115

4.1. Non-discrimination115

4.2. Antitrust and Competition Rules117

4.3. Subsidies and State Aid119

Chapter 6. Planning Law123

1. Introduction-by Helle Tegner Anker and Birgitte Egelund Olsen123

2. International Planning Law-by Helle Tegner Anker124

3. EU Planning Law-by Helle Tegner Anker and Birgitte Egelund Olsen125

4. Danish Planning Law-by Helle Tegner Anker127

4.1 Land Use Planning128

4.2 Coastal and Marine Planning130

4.3 Public Participation and Appeals131

5. Norwegian Planning Law-by Hans Christian Bugge131

5.1. County Plans133

5.2. Land Use Plans at the Municipal Level133

5.3. Coastal or Marine Planning135

5.4. Public Participation, Appeals and Objections136

6. US Federal and State Planning Law-by Julian Juergensmeyer137

6.1 State and Local Government Land Use Plans137

6.2. Coastal Zone Planning and Management140

6.3. Public Participation and Appeals144

7. New Zealand Planning Law-by David Grinlinton145

7.1. The RMA-Background and Regulatory Structure145

7.2. Applying the Regulatory Structure to Wind Energy Development148

7.3. RMA Resource (Planning) Consents and Decision-making149

7.4. Applying the RMA Decision-making Process to Wind Energy Development151

7.5. Public Participation and Appeals152

7.6. Enforcement Mechanisms and Criminal Offences153

Chapter 7. Environmental Assessment Procedures155

1. Introduction-by Helle Tegner Anker155

2. International Law on EIA and SEA155

3. EU Law on EIA and SEA-by Helle Tegner Anker and Birgitte Egelund Olsen158

3.1. The EIA Directive159

3.2. The SEA Directive160

4. The Danish EIA and SEA Rules-by Helle Tegner Anker161

4.1. EIA161

4.2. SEA163

5. Norwegian EIA and SEA Rules-by Hans Christian Bugge163

6. US Federal and State EIA and SEA Rules-by Sanford Gaines166

6.1. Federal Environmental Impact Assessment-NEPA166

6.2. State Environmental Impact Assessment168

7. New Zealand’s EIA and SEA Rules-by David Grinlinton169

7.1. Assessment of Environmental Effects (AEE)170

7.2. Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)171

7.3. Environmental and Sustainability Assessment (ESA)172

Chapter 8. Nature Protection Law173

1. Introduction-by Helle Tegner Anker173

2. International Nature Protection Law173

3. EU Nature Protection Law177

3.1. Protection of Habitats-Nature 2000178

3.2. EU Species Protection180

4. Danish Nature Protection Law182

4.1. Protection of Habitats etc.182

4.2. Protection of Species185

5. Norwegian Nature Protection Law-by Hans Christian Bugge185

5.1. The Nature Conservation Act186

5.2. Species Protection188

6. US Federal and State Nature Protection Law-by Julian Juergensmeyer189

6.1. The Endangered Species Act189

6.2. Wetlands193

7. New Zealand Nature Protection Law-by David Grinlinton201

7.1. The Role of the Resource Management Act 1991 in Nature Protection201

7.2. General Legislation Protecting Habitats202

7.3. Species Protection204

Chapter 9. Environmental Protection Law207

1. Introduction-by Bent Ole Gram Mortensen207

2. International Rules on Noise and Related Issues208

3. EU Rules on Noise and Related Issues209

3.1. EU Noise Rules for Outdoor Equipment210

3.2. EIA Directive210

3.3. Directive Relating to the Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise211

4. Danish Rules on Noise and Related Issues211

4.1. Private Law and Public Law212

4.2. Noise Standards215

4.3. Reflection (light)216

4.4. Shadows and Visual Impact217

4.5. Vibration217

5. Norwegian Rules on Noise and Related Issues-by Hans Christian Bugge218

5.1. Private Law and Public Law218

5.2. Integrated Pollution Control219

5.3. Noise221

5.4. Compensation222

6. US Rules on Noise and Related Issues-by Margaret Rosso Grossman222

6.1. Nuisance223

6.2. Noise and Vibration226

6.3. Shadows and Visual Effects230

7. New Zealand Rules on Noise and Related Issues-by David Grinlinton232

7.1. Common Law Remedies232

7.2. Regulation of Noise and Vibration234

7.3. Light Reflection, Shadows and Visual Effects236

Chapter 10. Energy Law ＆ Regulation of Wind Energy239

1. Introduction-by Anita Ronne239

1.1. Energy Law-by Barry Barton241

1.2. Wind Energy Law-by Anita Ronne244

2. International Regulation of Wind Turbines246

2.1. Introduction246

2.2. The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea247

2.3. The Climate Change Convention and the Kyoto Protocol248

2.4. The Energy Charter Treaty249

3. EU Regulation of Wind Turbines250

3.1. The EC Treaty250

3.2. Policy Development252

3.3. Instruments to Promote Wind Energy253

4. Danish Regulation of Wind Turbines255

4.1. Policy Development and Expansion of Wind Energy255

4.2. Establishment of Wind Turbines260

4.3. Regulation of Wind Turbines Offshore262

4.4. Market Access and Connection to Networks265

4.5. Price Regulation and Subsidies266

4.6. Public Authorities and System Operators267

5. Norwegian Regulation of Wind Turbines-by Ulf Hammer269

5.1. Policy Development and Expansion of Wind Energy269

5.2. Establishment of Wind Turbines270

5.3. Market Access and Connection to Networks272

5.4. Price Regulation and Subsidies274

5.5. Public Authorities and System Operators275

6. US Regulation of Wind Turbines-by Sanford Gaines275

6.1. Policy Development and Expansion of Wind Energy275

6.2. Establishment of Wind Turbines277

6.3. Market Access and Connection to Networks281

6.4. Price Regulation and Subsidies282

6.5. Public Authorities and System Operators283

7. New Zealand Regulation of Wind Turbines-by Barry Barton284

7.1. Policy Development and Expansion of Wind Energy284

7.2. Establishment of Wind Turbines287

7.3. Market Access and Connection to Networks288

7.4. Price Regulation and Subsidies290

7.5. Public Authorities and System Operators291

Chapter 11. Comparisons and Conclusions&By Helle Tegner Anker, Birgitte Egelund Olsen ＆ Anita Ronne293

1. The Development of Wind Energy293

2. The Legal Framework for Wind Energy-A Comparison295

2.1. The Legal Traditions296

2.2. Jurisdictional Issues297

2.3. Fundamental Rights299

2.4. Planning Law302

2.5. Environmental Assessment303

2.6. Nature Protection Issues305

2.7. Environmental Protection Issues307

2.8. Energy Law Issues309

3. Conclusions313

Appendix Ⅰ Developing a Wind Farm-Case Scenarios and Questions317

Appendix Ⅱ Wind Power Development in a Small State: The Case of Maine-by Donald N. Zillman320

Appendix Ⅲ Case Law334

Appendix Ⅳ Country Facts341

Bibliography347

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摘要：本文以《LEGAL SYSTEMS AND WIND ENERGY A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE.pdf电子书版文档下载》为研究对象，从法律体系、风能发展、政策支持以及国际合作四个方面对风能法律体系进行了全面比较分析，旨在为我国风能产业发展提供有益借鉴。

1、法律体系

《LEGAL SYSTEMS AND WIND ENERGY A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE.pdf电子书版文档下载》首先对世界各国的法律体系进行了梳理，分析了不同法律体系对风能产业的影响。文章指出，完善的法律体系是保障风能产业健康发展的基石。在法律体系方面，各国存在以下差异：

（1）立法机构不同：部分国家将风能立法纳入能源法，而另一些国家则单独设立风能法。

（2）法律内容不同：各国风能法律在风力发电、风力资源开发、风力发电设备制造等方面存在差异。

（3）法律实施力度不同：部分国家法律实施力度较强，而另一些国家则存在法律执行不到位的问题。

2、风能发展

文章对世界各国的风能发展现状进行了比较，发现以下特点：

（1）风能发展迅速：近年来，全球风能装机容量持续增长，部分国家风能发展速度甚至超过了传统能源。

（2）区域发展不平衡：风能资源丰富的国家风能产业发展迅速，而资源匮乏的国家则发展缓慢。

（3）技术创新活跃：各国在风力发电、风力资源评估、风力发电设备制造等方面不断取得创新成果。

3、政策支持

政策支持是风能产业发展的重要保障。《LEGAL SYSTEMS AND WIND ENERGY A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE.pdf电子书版文档下载》对各国政策支持进行了比较，发现以下特点：

（1）财政补贴：部分国家通过财政补贴鼓励风能产业发展，如风力发电上网电价补贴、风力发电设备购置补贴等。

（2）税收优惠：部分国家通过税收优惠政策支持风能产业发展，如风力发电企业税收减免、风力发电设备进口关税减免等。

（3）金融支持：部分国家通过金融机构提供低息贷款、担保等方式支持风能产业发展。

4、国际合作

国际合作对风能产业发展具有重要意义。《LEGAL SYSTEMS AND WIND ENERGY A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE.pdf电子书版文档下载》对各国国际合作进行了比较，发现以下特点：

（1）技术交流：各国通过技术交流合作，共同推动风能产业发展。

（2）市场拓展：各国通过市场拓展合作，共同开拓国际市场。

（3）政策协调：各国通过政策协调，共同应对风能产业发展中的挑战。

总结：

本文通过对《LEGAL SYSTEMS AND WIND ENERGY A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE.pdf电子书版文档下载》的分析，发现各国在法律体系、风能发展、政策支持以及国际合作等方面存在差异。我国在借鉴国外经验的基础上，应进一步完善法律体系，加快风能发展，加大政策支持力度，积极参与国际合作，推动我国风能产业健康快速发展。

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