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Practical crime scene processing and investigationPDF电子书下载

外文

• 作 者：Ross M. Gardner
• 出 版 社：CRC Press
• 出版年份：2012
• ISBN：9781439853023;1439853029
• 页数：466 页

图书介绍： 查看图书目录点击购买PDF全本电子书 上一篇：ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ РОСТ И ПОДЪЕМ НАРОДНОГО БЛАГОСОСТОЯНИЯ下一篇：Practical protein crystallography second edition 《Practical crime scene processing and investigation》目录 标签：

1 Introduction1

Police Goals and Objectives2

Evidence Defined7

The Interpretive Value of Evidence8

Good Crime Scene Examinations and Scene Integrity Issues13

Investigative Ethics18

Summary21

Suggested Reading22

Chapter Questions22

Notes22

2 Understanding the Nature of Physical Evidence25

Class and Individual Characteristics26

Fingerprint Evidence28

Serology and Biological Evidence30

Trace Evidence37

Hairs and Fibers38

Glass39

Paints and Polymers42

Soils43

Gunshot Residues (GSRs)44

Firearm and Ballistic Evidence44

Tool Mark Evidence50

Impression Evidence51

General Chemical Evidence54

Document Evidence55

Computer Forensics56

Forensic Pathology57

Summary58

Suggested Reading58

Chapter Questions59

Notes59

3 Actions of the Initial Responding Officer61

Specific Objectives of the Initial Response61

Documenting Initial Information62

Officer Safety63

Emergency Care64

Secure and Control the Crime Scene70

Release the Scene to Appropriate Authorities75

Summary76

Suggested Reading76

Chapter Questions76

Notes77

4 Processing Methodology79

Basic Activities of Scene Processing80

Assessing80

Observing80

Documenting81

Searching81

Collecting81

Processing/Analyzing83

A Processing Model84

The Adapted USACIDC Processing Model85

Step 1: Initial Notification85

Step 2: Coordination, Assessment, and Team Call-Out85

Step 3: Conduct Initial Observations85

Step 4: Deal with the Deceased86

Step 5: Photograph the Scene87

Step 6: Document Overall Observations87

Step 7: Sketch the Scene88

Step 8: Conduct a First Recheck88

Step 9: Release the Body88

Step 10: Collect Items of Evidence90

Step 11: Conduct a Second Recheck of the Scene90

Step 12: Conduct a Third Recheck of the Scene91

Step 13: Check beyond the Scene91

Step 14: Conduct an On-Scene Debriefing of the Investigative Team91

Step 15: Release or Secure the Scene91

Step 16: Process and Package Evidence92

Step 17: Conduct a Formal Debriefing92

Summary92

Suggested Reading93

Chapter Questions93

Notes93

5 Assessing the Scene95

Debriefing the Responding Officers95

Scene Scope and Boundary Assessment98

Scene Integrity and Contamination Control98

Managing Access103

Defining Team Composition105

Crime Scene Search Considerations108

Search Patterns113

Circle or Spiral Search113

Strip and Line Search114

Grid Search115

Zone Search115

Point-to-Point Search118

Personal Protective Measures and Hazard Identification118

Biohazard Risks119

Structural Hazards in Fire and Explosion Scenes121

Chemical and Inhalation Hazards in Fire and Explosion Scenes122

Inhalation, Chemical, or Fire Hazards from Scene Processing Techniques122

Chemical and Bioterror Hazards123

Considerations for Mass Crime Scene and Mass Casualty Situations124

Pre-Event Considerations of Crime Scene Supervisors125

Practical On-Scene Considerations for the Mass Scene127

Managing the Media128

Summary129

Suggested Reading132

Chapter Questions132

Notes132

6 Crime Scene Photography135

What Makes Good Photographs136

Recurring Problems in Crime Scene Photography138

Identification Problems139

Orientation Problems140

Confusion Problems140

Incomplete Documentation142

Types and Purpose of Crime Scene Photographs142

Overall Photographs142

Corner or Side—You Decide143

Evidence-Establishing Photographs148

What’s in a Name: Evidence-Establishing vs. Mid-Range Photos151

Evidence Close-Up and Forensic Quality Photographs153

The Road Mapping Method of Photographic Documentation156

A Basic Methodology to Crime Scene Photography172

Camera Control Issues175

Video Photography178

Summary180

Suggested Reading181

Chapter Questions181

Notes181

7 Crime Scene Sketching and Mapping183

Essential Sketch Elements183

Variations of View in Sketches186

Methods for Crime Scene Mapping190

Rectangular Coordinates192

Triangulation194

Baseline Coordinates197

Polar Coordinates201

Triangulation or Rectangular Coordinates on a Grid207

Triangulation on a Baseline212

Technology in Support of Crime Scene Mapping213

Total Station Mapping213

Scan Station Mapping217

Summary220

Suggested Reading221

Chapter Questions221

Notes221

8 Narrative Descriptions: Crime Scene Notes and Reports223

Investigative Notes223

Crime Scene Reports228

Introduction Section229

Characteristics of the Scene229

Conditions of the Scene231

Environmental Conditions233

Factors Pertinent to Entry and Exit234

Scene Documentation234

Collection of Physical Evidence235

Search for Latent Fingerprints or DNA235

Additional Examinations236

General Considerations236

Summary237

Suggested Reading237

Chapter Questions237

9 Basic Skills for Scene Processing239

ROSS M. GARDNER WITH CONTRIBUTIONS BY DON COFFEY, JEREMY JOHN, AND TOM ADAIRApplying Light Technology239

Shortwave Ultraviolet Light (180 to 254 nm) and Reflected Ultraviolet Imaging Systems (RUVIS)242

Longwave Ultraviolet Light (365 to 415 nm)245

Near-UV and Violet/Blue Light (415 to 485 nm)246

Crime Scene Search with Blue Light (485 to 530 nm)246

Orange-Red (570 to 700 nm)246

Infrared (700 to 2,000 nm)246

Heat Energy and Thermal Imaging (12,000 nm)250

Choosing an Alternative Light Source251

Recovering Fingerprints254

The Science of Fingerprints254

Classification vs. Identification256

AFIS Fingerprint Systems257

Collecting Fingerprint Evidence258

Surface Characteristics259

Porous Surfaces260

Nonporous Smooth Surfaces261

Nonporous Rough Surfaces262

Special Surfaces or Conditions264

On-Scene Fingerprinting Techniques265

Cyanoacrylate Fuming (Superglue Fuming)266

Basic Brush-and-Powder Techniques268

Small-Particle Reagent272

Adding Machine Paper Technique for Human Skin274

Crystal Violet Solution for Adhesive Tape276

Fingerprints in Fire Scenes277

Casting Impression Evidence278

Rubber Casting Compounds279

Electrostatic Dust Lifting Devices281

Dental Stone Casting Techniques284

Snow Prints290

Gelatin and Other Adhesive Lifters294

Summary296

Suggested Reading297

Chapter Questions297

Notes298

10 Shooting Scene Documentation and Reconstruction299

ROSS M. GARDNER AND MICHAEL MALONEYInternal Ballistics300

Terminal Ballistics302

External Ballistics304

Bullet Defect Verification through Chemical Evaluation304

Defining the Bullet Impact Angle Based on Defect Shape306

Direction of Fire311

Use of Trajectory Rods and Lasers to Demonstrate Bullet Flight Paths316

Describing Zones of Possibility324

Trajectory Analysis Documentation326

Summary327

Suggested Reading328

Chapter Questions328

Notes328

11 Applying Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in the Crime Scene331

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis331

Theory and Underlying Principles of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis331

The Pattern Diversity Principle332

The Principle of Stain Shape and Vector Correlation334

The Physically Altered Bloodstain Principle339

Methodology of BPA339

Classifying Bloodstain Patterns339

Documenting Bloodstain Patterns351

Presumptive Tests for Bloodstains353

Luminol Enhancement of Latent Bloodstains355

Fluorescein Enhancement of Latent Bloodstains357

Amido-Black Enhancement of Latent Bloodstains358

Infrared Photography358

Summary358

Suggested Reading361

Chapter Questions361

Notes362

12 The Body as a Crime Scene363

ROSS M. GARDNER AND MICHAEL MALONEYExamination of the Corpse In Situ363

Assessing363

Observing, Documenting, Searching, and Collecting366

Examination of the Corpse at the Morgue369

Examination of a Live Individual369

Understanding Basic Mechanisms of Injuries371

Summary381

Suggested Reading381

Chapter Questions381

13 Special Scene Considerations383

Fire Scenes383

Fire Patterns384

Problems Associated with Fire Scenes389

Fire Scene Methodology390

Landfill Recoveries394

Problems Associated with Landfill Recoveries394

Landfill Recovery Methodology396

Buried and Scattered Remains399

Buried Bodies399

Scattered Remains405

Entomological Evidence Associated with Bodies407

Summary408

Suggested Reading410

Chapter Questions410

Notes410

14 The Role of Crime Scene Analysis and Reconstruction413

A History of the Concept of Crime Scene Reconstruction416

The Underlying Principles of Crime Scene Reconstruction418

Crime Scene Reconstruction Methodology420

Scientific Method Used to Resolve a Specific Investigative Question421

Event Analysis: Reconstructing Entire Events423

Step 1: Collect Data, Establish Likely Events425

Step 2: Establish Event Segments from the Data Available426

Step 3: Define Associated Event Segments430

Step 4: Order and Sequence the Associated Event Segments431

Step 5: Audit the Information434

Step 6: Determine and Final-Order the Events434

Step 7: Final Flowchart of the Overall Incident Based on the Event and Event Segment Sequence435

Summary436

Suggested Reading437

Chapter Questions437

Notes437

Appendix A: Crime Scene Equipment439

Appendix B: Risk Management445

Index449

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摘要：本文深入探讨了“Practical crime scene processing and investigation.pdf电子书版文档下载”这一资源，全面分析了其在犯罪现场处理和调查中的应用价值。文章从文档的实用性、操作方法、案例分析以及未来发展等方面进行了详细阐述，为犯罪现场处理和调查提供了有益的参考。

1、实用性

“Practical crime scene processing and investigation.pdf电子书版文档下载”是一本极具实用性的犯罪现场处理和调查指南。该书详细介绍了犯罪现场处理的基本原则、方法和技巧，为现场勘查人员提供了实用的操作指南。此外，书中还包含了大量的案例分析，使读者能够更好地理解理论知识在实际操作中的应用。

该文档的实用性体现在以下几个方面：首先，它为现场勘查人员提供了系统的理论知识框架；其次，通过案例分析，使读者能够了解不同类型犯罪现场的处理方法；最后，书中还提供了现场勘查工具和设备的介绍，有助于提高勘查效率。

总之，“Practical crime scene processing and investigation.pdf电子书版文档下载”是一本实用性极高的犯罪现场处理和调查指南，对于从事相关工作的专业人员来说，具有重要的参考价值。

2、操作方法

在犯罪现场处理过程中，正确的操作方法至关重要。该书详细介绍了现场勘查的基本步骤，包括现场保护、现场勘查、证据收集、现场分析等。以下为几个关键操作方法：

（1）现场保护：在现场勘查过程中，首先要确保现场安全，防止无关人员进入，避免破坏现场证据。

（2）现场勘查：勘查人员应按照一定的顺序进行勘查，如从中心区域向外围区域，从上到下，从左到右等。

（3）证据收集：在勘查过程中，要全面收集各类证据，包括物证、痕迹、生物证据等。

（4）现场分析：对收集到的证据进行综合分析，找出犯罪线索，为案件侦破提供有力支持。

3、案例分析

“Practical crime scene processing and investigation.pdf电子书版文档下载”中包含了大量的案例分析，有助于读者更好地理解犯罪现场处理和调查的方法。以下为几个典型案例分析：

（1）某盗窃案：现场勘查人员通过细致的勘查，发现犯罪现场遗留的指纹和脚印，最终成功破案。

（2）某故意伤害案：现场勘查人员通过分析现场痕迹，确定犯罪工具，为案件侦破提供了重要线索。

（3）某命案：现场勘查人员通过现场分析，发现犯罪动机，为案件侦破提供了有力支持。

4、未来发展

随着科技的不断发展，犯罪现场处理和调查的方法也在不断更新。以下为几个未来发展趋势：

（1）科技手段在犯罪现场处理中的应用：如无人机勘查、3D重建等。

（2）大数据分析在犯罪现场处理中的应用：通过大数据分析，提高犯罪现场处理的效率。

（3）跨学科合作：犯罪现场处理和调查需要多学科知识的支持，如法医学、心理学等。

总结：

“Practical crime scene processing and investigation.pdf电子书版文档下载”为犯罪现场处理和调查提供了全面、实用的指导。通过对文档的深入分析，我们了解到犯罪现场处理的基本原则、方法和技巧，以及未来发展趋势。这对于从事相关工作的专业人员来说，具有重要的参考价值。

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