INTRODUCTION TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINESPDF电子书下载
外文
- 作 者:
- 出 版 社:
- 出版年份:1985
- ISBN:
- 页数:319 页
图书介绍: 查看图书目录点击购买PDF全本电子书 上一篇:THE HANDMAID’S TALE下一篇:ANTHONY TROLLOPE CAN YOU FORGIVE HER? 《INTRODUCTION TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES》目录 标签:
1 Introduction1
1.1 Fundamental operating principles1
1.2 Early internal combustion engine development6
1.3 Characteristics of internal combustion engines13
1.4 Additional types of internal combustion engine15
1.4.1 The Wankel engine16
1.4.2 Stratified charge engines17
1.5 Prospects for internal combustion engines19
2 Thermodynamic Principles22
2.1 Introduction and definitions of efficiency22
2.2 Ideal air standard cycles25
2.2.1 The ideal air standard Otto cycle25
2.2.2 The ideal air standard Diesel cycle26
2.2.3 The ideal air standard Dual cycle29
2.2.4 The ideal air standard Atkinson cycle29
2.3 Comparison between thermodynamic and mechanical cycles30
2.4 Additional performance parameters for internal combustion engines32
2.5 Fuel-air cycle35
2.6 Computer models39
2.7 Conclusions41
2.8 Examples43
2.9 Problems45
3 Combustion and Fuels47
3.1 Introduction47
3.2 Combustion chemistry and fuel chemistry50
3.3 Combustion thermodynamics55
3.4 Dissociation60
3.5 Combustion in spark ignition engines62
3.5.1 Normal combustion62
3.5.2 Abnormal combustion64
3.6 Combustion in compression ignition engines65
3.7 Fuels ?nd additives66
3.7.1 Charac??istics of petrol67
3.7.2 Character stics of d?esel fuel73
3.8 En?ine emissions76
3.9 Combu t?on modelling79
3.9 Introduction79
3.9.2 Zero-d?mnensional models80
3.9.3 Quasi-dimensional models82
3.10 Con?lusions84
3.11 Examples84
3.12 Pro lems94
4 Spark Ignition Engines96
4.1 Introduction96
4.2 Combustion chambers98
4.2.1 Conventional combustion chambers98
4.2.2 High compression ratio combustion chambers104
4.3 Ignition systems107
4.4 Carburettors111
4.4.1 Variable jet carburettor115
4.4.2 Fixed jet carburettor116
4.5 Fuel injection121
4.6 Electronic control of engines122
4.7 Conclusions127
4.8 Example128
4.9 Problems129
5 Compression Ignition Engines131
5.1 Introduction131
5.2 Direct injection(DI)systems132
5.3 Indire?t injection(IDI)systems137
5.4 Cold starting of compression ignition engines141
5.5 Fuel injection equipment145
5.5.1 Fuel injectors147
5.5.2 Injector pumps152
5.5.3 Interconnection of pumps and injec?ors157
5.6 Conclusions161
5.7 Example162
5.8 Problems163
6 Induction and Exhaust Processes165
6.1 Introduction165
6.2 Valve gear166
6.2.1 Valve types166
6.2.2 Valve-operating systems166
6.2.3 Flow characteristics of poppet valves170
6.2.4 Valve timing173
6.2.5 Dynamic behaviour of valve gear175
6.3 Unsteady compressible fluid flow178
6.4 Manifold design181
6.5 Silencing185
6.6 Conclusions187
6.7 Problems187
7 Turbocharging188
7.1 Introduction188
7.2 Radial flow and axial flow machines191
7.3 Turbocharging the compression ignition engine201
7.4 Turbocharging the spark ignition engine206
7.5 Conclusions212
7.6 Examples213
7.7 Problems217
8 Mechanical Design Considerations218
8.1 Introduction218
8.2 The disposition and number of the cylinders219
8.3 Cylinder block and head materials223
8.4 The piston and rings226
8.5 The connecting-rod,crankshaft,camshaft and valves228
8.6 Lubrication and bearings232
8.6.1 Lubrication232
8.6.2 Bearing materials235
8.7 Conclusions239
9 Experimental Facilities240
9.1 Introduction240
9.2 Simple engine testrig241
9.2.1 Dynamometers241
9.2.2 Fuel-consumption measurement244
9.2.3 Air flow rate246
9.2.4 Indicator diagrams247
9.2.5 Indicated power249
9.2.6 Engine test conditions251
9.2.7 Energy balance252
9.3 Experimental accuracy253
9.4 Advanced test systems255
9.5 Conclusions260
10 Case Studies261
10.1 Introduction261
10.2 Jaguar V 12 HE engine261
10.2.1 Background261
10.2.2 Engine development263
10.2.3 Jaguar V12 ignition and mixture preparation development266
10.2.4 Combustion chamber development269
10.3 Chrysler 2.2 litre spark ignition engine272
10.3.1 Background272
10.3.2 The cylinder head272
10.3.3 The cylinder block and associated components276
10.3.4 Combustion control277
10.3.5 Catalyst systems277
10.4 Ford 2.5 litre DI Diesel engine281
10.4.1 Background281
10.4.2 Description282
10.4.3 The combustion system284
Appendix A:The Use of SI Units288
Appendix B:Answers to Numerical Problems291
Appendix C:Engine Specifications292
C.1 Sulzer marine compression ignition engines292
C.2 Ford‘Dover’90-150 series direct injection compression ignition engines294
C.3 Rolls Royce CV12 direct injection compression ignition engine295
C.4 Ford V6 ‘Essex’ spark ignition engine295
C.5 Chrysler 875 cm 3 spark ignition engine296
C.6 Jaguar V 12 spark ignition engine297
C.7 Chrysler 2.2 litre spark ignition engine297
C.8 Fiat-Sofim indirect injection compression ignition engine298
C.9 Ford 2.5 litre DI Diesel engine299
C.10 Volvo-Penta 2-stroke spark ignition outboard motor engines301
Appendix D:Stratified Charge Engines302
Appendix E:Engine tuning305
E.1 Introduction305
E.2 Tuning for spark ignition engine economy305
E.3 Tuning for spark ignition engine output307
Bibliography310
References312
Index315
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摘要:本文深入探讨了“INTRODUCTION TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.pdf电子书版文档下载”这一主题,全面介绍了内燃机的基本原理、工作原理、类型和应用。通过对该文档的详细分析,本文旨在为读者提供一个全面了解内燃机的视角,为相关领域的研究和实践提供参考。
1、内燃机概述
内燃机是一种将燃料的化学能转化为机械能的热力发动机。它广泛应用于汽车、船舶、飞机等交通工具以及发电设备中。内燃机的工作原理是通过燃料在气缸内燃烧产生高温高压气体,推动活塞运动,从而实现机械能的输出。
内燃机的发展经历了从蒸汽机到汽油机、柴油机的演变过程。其中,汽油机和柴油机是应用最广泛的两种内燃机类型。汽油机以汽油为燃料,具有轻巧、高效、环保等优点;柴油机以柴油为燃料,具有高效率、低排放、耐久性好等特点。
内燃机的性能与其结构和工作原理密切相关。本文将重点介绍内燃机的结构、工作原理以及各种类型的特点。
2、内燃机结构
内燃机主要由气缸、活塞、曲轴、连杆、气门、点火系统等部件组成。气缸是内燃机的核心部件,用于容纳燃料和空气混合物,并承受燃烧产生的高温高压气体。活塞在气缸内做往复运动,将气体压力转化为机械能。曲轴将活塞的往复运动转化为旋转运动,从而驱动发动机工作。
气门是控制燃料和空气混合物进入和排出气缸的重要部件。点火系统负责在适当的时候点燃混合气体,使其燃烧产生动力。内燃机的结构设计直接影响到其性能和可靠性。
本文将详细介绍内燃机各个部件的结构特点、工作原理以及相互之间的配合关系。
3、内燃机工作原理
内燃机的工作原理主要包括进气、压缩、做功和排气四个冲程。进气冲程中,气门打开,活塞向下运动,将燃料和空气混合物吸入气缸。压缩冲程中,气门关闭,活塞向上运动,将混合物压缩,提高其温度和压力。做功冲程中,点火系统点燃混合气体,产生高温高压气体,推动活塞向下运动,实现机械能的输出。排气冲程中,气门打开,活塞向上运动,将燃烧后的废气排出气缸。
内燃机的工作原理决定了其性能和效率。本文将详细分析各个冲程的特点、影响因素以及优化方法。
此外,本文还将探讨内燃机的燃烧过程、热力学特性以及排放控制等方面的内容。
4、内燃机应用
内燃机在各个领域都有广泛的应用。在交通运输领域,内燃机是汽车、船舶、飞机等交通工具的主要动力来源。在发电领域,内燃机可以作为一种备用电源或应急电源。此外,内燃机还应用于农业机械、工程机械、航空航天等领域。
随着环保要求的不断提高,内燃机的排放控制成为了一个重要课题。本文将介绍内燃机排放控制技术,包括尾气处理、燃烧优化、节能降耗等方面的内容。
此外,本文还将探讨内燃机在新能源领域的应用前景,如混合动力、燃料电池等。
总结:
本文通过对“INTRODUCTION TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.pdf电子书版文档下载”的详细分析,全面介绍了内燃机的基本原理、结构、工作原理和应用。内燃机作为一种重要的动力设备,在各个领域都发挥着重要作用。随着科技的不断发展,内燃机技术也在不断进步,为人类社会的可持续发展提供了有力支持。
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