PETHINKING THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAWPDF电子书下载
外文
- 作 者：
- 出 版 社：KLUWER LAW AND TAXATION PUBLISHERS
- 出版年份：1983
- ISBN：9065440852
- 页数：322 页
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CHAPTER Ⅰ:GENERAL INTRODUCTION:STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM AND METHOD OF STUDY1
PART Ⅰ:THE APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM OF THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW11
CHAPTER Ⅱ:THE CONFUSION OVER THE SOURCES AND THE NORMATIVE CONCEPT OF LAW13
CHAPTER Ⅲ:CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW17
3.1 Introduction:doctrine and the sources of international law17
3.2 Some aspects of the normative concept of international law:its function and functioning19
CHAPTER Ⅳ:THE NORMATIVE CONCEPT AND SOME BASIC APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL LAW29
4.1 Introduction29
4.2 Legal idealism30
4.3 The analytical approach34
4.4 The sociological approach39
4.5 The middle path of Structural Positivism44
4.5.1 Introduction44
4.5.2 The union of primary and secondary rules46
4.5.3 Structural Positivism and international law53
CHAPTER Ⅴ:CONCEPT OF SOURCES57
5.1 The preliminary question of terminology57
5.2 Introduction61
5.3 Basic features of the international society61
5.4 The changes in the structure of international society65
5.5 The basis of the binding force of international law71
5.6 The constitutive element of rules of international law76
5.7 Manifestations of consent or acceptance;the impact of the changed structure of the international society81
PART Ⅱ:THE TRADITIONAL SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW83
CHAPTER Ⅳ:CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW85
6.1 Doctrine and customary international law85
6.2 The nature of customary international law90
6.2.1 Introduction90
6.2.2 Opinio juris and usus91
6.2.2.1 The so-called stages-theory91
6.2.2.2 Advantages of the stages-theory93
6.2.2.3 Questions concerning the change of customary international law97
6.2.3 Opinio juris;remaining issues106
6.2.4 Usus;remaining issues106
6.3 The declining role of custom as a source of international law113
CHAPTER Ⅶ:TREATIES117
7.1 The proliferation of treaties117
7.2 Shortcomings of treaties119
7.2.1 Introduction119
7.2.2 Problems of acceptibility120
7.2.3 Problems of adaptation124
7.2.4 The shift of the content of international law;the relation between conduct, law and policy126
7.2.5 Problems of change128
CHAPTER Ⅷ:GENERAL PRINCIPLES131
8.1 The continuing debate on the general principles131
8.2 The denial of the existence of the general principles as a source of international law132
8.3 The meaning of the phrase "general principles of law recognized by civilized nations"133
8.3.1 Introduction133
8.3.2 The genesis of article 38 (1)(c)135
8.3.2.1 A preliminary question135
8.3.2.2 The work of the 1920 Avisory Committee of Jurists136
8.3.3 The general principles within the framework of the International Court of Justice139
8.3.3.1 Introduction139
8.3.3.2 General principles on the basis of reception from municipal legal systems140
8.3.3.3 General principles through induction from existing rules of international law143
8.3.3.4 The limited use by the international Court of Justice of the gereral principles as a source of international law144
8.3.4 The general principles outside the framework of the International Court of Justice146
8.3.5 The distinction between general principles in the procedural and in the material sense148
8.3.6 Excursus:Jus Cogens151
8.3.6.1 Introduction151
8.3.6.2 The hierarchy of rules of international law151
8.3.6.3 The basis of international jus cogens153
8.3.6.4 The concept of jus cogens in international law154
8.3.6.5 Indentification and validity of norms of international jus cogens156
8.3.6.6 Change of norms of international jus cogens166
CHAPTER Ⅸ:ARTICLE 38:SUBSIDIARY MEANS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF RULES OF LAW169
9.1 Judicial decisions169
9.2 Teachings of the most qualified publicists of the various nations176
CHAPTER Ⅹ:SOME CONCLUSIONS:THE MOVEMENT TOWARDS "OTHER SOURCES" AND THE "SOFT LAW" APPROACH179
PART Ⅲ:TENTATIVE REFORMULATION OF THE DOCTRINE OF SOURCES193
CHAPTER Ⅺ:PRELIMINARY ISSUES195
11.1 Can the sources of international law change?195
11.2 The formless character of international law199
CHAPTER Ⅻ:FIVE PROJECTED CLASSES OF MANIFESTATIONS OF CONSENT OR ACCEPTANCE:GENERAL OBSERVATIONS205
12.1 Introduction:points of departure205
12.2 International law-making as a continuous process206
12.3 The relation between the classes of manifestations of consent or acceptance and the traditional sources of international law208
12.4 The relation between the various classes of manifestations of consent or acceptance inter se209
12.5 The role of international organizations210
12.6 The producer-consumer distinction212
CHAPTER ⅩⅢ:OUTLINE OF THE INDIVIDUAL CLASSES OF MANIFESTATIONS OF CONSENT OR ACCEPTANCE215
13.1 Introduction215
13.2 Abstract statements216
13.3 Travaux préparatoires lato sensu219
13.3.1 Introduction219
13.3.2 Circumstances of preparation and adoption221
13.3.3 The decision-making process224
13.3.3.1 Introduction224
13.3.3.2 The increased use of the consensus-technique226
13.3.3.3 The nature of the consensus-technique227
13.3.3.4 Non-voting229
13.3.3.5 Non-objection231
13.3.3.6 Thoroughness233
13.4 The text234
13.4.1 Introduction234
13.4.2 Substantive provisions235
13.4.2.1 Introduction235
13.4.2.2 The type of language employed235
13.4.2.3 The content of a rule239
13.4.2.4 The relation with existing rules of international law240
13.4.2.5 Excursus:a concrete exemple;the question of the existence of international legal obligations concerning Official Development Assistance242
13.4.3 Qualifying provisions247
13.4.3.1 Introduction247
13.4.3.2 The name of an instrument248
13.4.3.3 Preambular paragraphs249
13.4.3.4 Final clauses251
13.5 Follow-up256
13.5.1 Introduction256
13.5.2 Enforcement,supervision,follow-up258
13.5.2.1 The review-function258
13.5.2.2 The correction-function258
13.5.2.3 The creative-function261
13.5.2.4 Development of the law263
13.5.3 Follow-up with respect to formally binding rules265
13.5.4 Follow-up with respect to formally non-binding rules270
13.6 Subsequent practice275
13.7 Summary279
CHAPTER ⅩⅣ:CONCLUDING REMARKS281
BIBLIOGRAPHY295
INDEX309
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摘要：本文以《PETHINKING THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pdf电子书版文档下载》为中心，从文献来源、理论框架、实践应用和未来展望四个方面对国际法的研究进行了深入探讨。通过对该电子书版文档的详细分析，本文旨在为读者提供对国际法研究的新视角和思考。
1、文献来源
《PETHINKING THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pdf电子书版文档下载》的文献来源丰富，涵盖了国际法领域的经典著作、学术论文和案例研究。作者在文献综述部分对相关研究进行了梳理，为后续的理论探讨和实践分析奠定了坚实的基础。此外，作者还引用了多个国际组织和学者的观点，使得研究更具权威性和全面性。
在文献来源方面，作者注重对国际法历史和理论的梳理，如对国际法起源、发展历程和主要理论流派的探讨。同时，作者还关注了国际法在实践中的应用，如国际法院的判决、国际仲裁的案例等。这种多元化的文献来源使得研究更具深度和广度。
此外，作者在文献综述中还提到了一些新兴的研究领域，如国际法与科技、环境、人权等领域的交叉研究。这些新兴领域的引入为国际法研究提供了新的视角和思路。
2、理论框架
《PETHINKING THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pdf电子书版文档下载》构建了一个较为完善的理论框架，从国际法的本质、原则、主体、渊源等方面对国际法进行了系统阐述。作者在理论框架中强调了国际法与国内法的区别与联系，为读者提供了对国际法本质的深刻理解。
在理论框架方面，作者首先对国际法的定义和特征进行了阐述，明确了国际法的调整对象和适用范围。接着，作者从国际法的基本原则出发，分析了主权平等、不干涉内政、和平解决争端等原则在国际法中的地位和作用。
此外，作者还探讨了国际法的主体，包括国家、国际组织、个人等。在渊源方面，作者分析了国际条约、国际习惯、一般法律原则等渊源在国际法形成和发展中的作用。
3、实践应用
《PETHINKING THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pdf电子书版文档下载》在实践应用方面，通过对具体案例的分析，展示了国际法在实际问题中的运用。作者选取了多个具有代表性的案例，如南海争端、伊朗核问题等，深入剖析了国际法在这些案例中的适用和争议。
在实践应用方面，作者首先对案例背景进行了介绍，然后分析了相关国家或组织在案件中的立场和主张。在此基础上，作者结合国际法的相关理论和原则，对案件进行了深入剖析。
此外，作者还对国际法在解决争端、维护国际秩序等方面的作用进行了探讨。通过这些案例的分析，读者可以更加直观地了解国际法在实际问题中的应用和挑战。
4、未来展望
《PETHINKING THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pdf电子书版文档下载》对未来国际法的发展趋势进行了展望。作者认为，随着全球化的深入发展，国际法将在维护国际秩序、促进国际合作等方面发挥更加重要的作用。同时，作者也指出了国际法在应对新挑战、解决新问题方面存在的不足，并提出了相应的建议。
在未来展望方面，作者首先分析了全球化对国际法的影响，如国际法在跨国犯罪、环境保护等领域的适用。接着，作者探讨了国际法在应对恐怖主义、网络安全等新挑战方面的作用。最后，作者提出了加强国际法研究、完善国际法体系等建议。
此外，作者还强调了国际法在促进国际合作、维护世界和平方面的作用，为读者提供了对国际法未来发展的信心和期待。
总结：
通过对《PETHINKING THE SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pdf电子书版文档下载》的详细分析，本文从文献来源、理论框架、实践应用和未来展望四个方面对国际法的研究进行了深入探讨。本文认为，国际法作为维护国际秩序、促进国际合作的重要工具，将在未来发挥更加重要的作用。
本文的研究成果对于推动国际法研究、提高国际法素养具有重要意义。同时，本文也为读者提供了对国际法的新视角和思考，有助于加深对国际法的理解和认识。
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