宣化老和尚开示 善恶不离一念心

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x摘自《无量香光网文章集锦》●[宣化老和尚开示 Venerable Master Hsuan Hua’s Talks]善恶不离一念心 Good and Evil Are Not Beyond a Single Thought善恶不离一念心Good and Evil Are Not Beyond a Single Thought一念为善，天地增加正气；一念为恶，天地增加戾气。A thought of goodness increases the proper energy in the world; a thought of evil increases the world’s bad energy.诸恶莫作，众善奉行；自净其意，是诸佛教。这是佛教的真谛。人人都明白这个道理，可是人人都不能行这个道理，所以天下大乱。"Do no evil deeds; practice all good deeds; purify your own mind: this is what all Buddhas teach." This is the truth of Buddhism. The world is a mess because, although everyone understands the above statement, nobody puts it into practice.我们在打禅七，就是「改恶向善」，是「改过自新」最好的机会。一念恶，天地会有狂风暴雨发生，造成灾害。如果全世界所有的人类，都能受持五戒，奉行十善，天地会风调雨顺，世界会国泰民安。简言之，上自元首，下至老百姓，守五戒，行十善，这个国家一定会丰衣足食，过着安居乐业的生活。若是犯五戒，造十恶，毫无疑问地，这个国家必定家庭不和睦，社会不安宁，国家不富强，百姓过着颠沛流离的生活。In this meditation retreat, we are engaged in reforming our evil ways. This is a perfect chance to turn over a new leaf and start anew. A single thought of evil can cause gales, deluges, and tragic disasters. Yet if every person in the world could uphold the Five Precepts and practice the Ten Good Deeds, the world would enjoy seasonal rains and gentle winds, and all nations and their citizens would be at peace. To put it simply, if everyone from the national leader down to the ordinary citizens could observe the Five Precepts and practice the Ten Good Deeds, they would surely be blessed with ample clothing and sufficient food, and their lives would be satisfying and happy. But any country whose people break the Five Precepts and violate the Ten Good Deeds will, beyond a shadow of a doubt, be full of broken families and civil strife; it will be a poor and weak nation whose citizens suffer deprivation and hardship.参禅，就是不杀生、不偷盗、不邪淫、不妄语、不饮酒。在禅堂里，专心参禅，拿得起，放得下，一念是谁？时刻在寻找，其他妄念就停止下来了，这就是守五戒，也是行十善。所以在禅堂一坐，五戒十善都具足了。因为这个，所以不要浪费时间，打一些无益的妄念，要把握时机来参「念佛是谁？」Investigating Chan is simply a process of refraining from killing, stealing, lustful conduct, lying, and using intoxicants. In the meditation hall, we concentrate our minds on the investigation: raising a question, then letting it go. We busily ask the question "Who?" and look into it at all times, putting a stop to all other thoughts. Doing this is nothing less than holding the Five Precepts and putting into practice the Ten Good Deeds. Thus, as soon as we sit down in the meditation hall, we are replete with the Five Precepts and the Ten Good Deeds. For this reason we must not waste time on useless idle thoughts. We should instead seize the time and ask, "Who is mindful of the Buddha?"参禅时，要努力用功，勇猛精进。要回光返照，反求诸己，问问自己，生了多少善念？生了多少恶念？打了多少妄想？要统计一番。未生善念，令生善念；已生善念，令其增长。未生恶念，令其不生；已生恶念，令其消灭。这就是修行初步的基础。During your meditation, you should work hard and advance with determination. Reflect inwardly, seek your true self. Ask yourself, "How many evil thoughts have I created? How many good thoughts? How many idle thoughts have I let arise?" Take an inventory.Bring forth the good thoughts that have not yet arisen; Increase the good thoughts that have already arisen. Suppress the evil thoughts that have not yet emerged; Wipe out all the evil thoughts that have already occurred.This is the foundation of a beginner’s career in cultivation.世界为什么会毁灭？因为人们的「善念少、恶念多」的缘故。一念为善，天地增加正气；一念为恶，天地增加戾气。所以我们要转戾气为祥和，戾气就是毒气，生一念贪心，宇宙间的毒气就多一点；生一念瞋心，宇宙间的毒气就多一点；生一念痴心，宇宙间的毒气就多一点。如果用贪瞋痴三毒来处理事情，就会天昏地暗，发生灾难。如果用戒定慧来处理事情，天会清，地会宁。所以说，恶人多的地方，灾难就重；善人多的地方，吉祥就增加。总而言之，灾难或吉祥，都在人为。The world faces imminent destruction because peoples’ evil thoughts outnumber their good thoughts. A thought of goodness increases the proper energy in the world; a thought of evil increases the world’s bad energy. We want to transform bad energy into auspicious, peaceful energy. Bad energy refers to noxious, toxic energy. Each thought of greed increases the harmful energy in the universe. Each thought of hatred increases the harmful energy in the universe. Each thought of stupidity increases the harmful energy in the universe. If we do things using greed, hatred, and stupidity, then the world will be a murky, dark place, and disasters will occur. If we use precepts, concentration, and wisdom to solve our problems, then heaven and earth will be pure and peaceful. That’s why it’s said that wherever evil people prevail, calamities will abound. Wherever good people prevail, good fortune will abound. In general, both disasters and good fortune are made by people.古人说：「善恶两条道，修的修，造的造。」修善者能出离三界，造恶者就堕落三涂。善恶只在一念之间，有智慧就是善念，有愚痴就是恶念。The ancients had a saying that goes, "Good and evil are two different roads; you cultivate the one or commit the other as you walk." People who cultivate goodness can leave the Triple Realm; evildoers can fall into the Three Evil Destinies. Both good and evil lie with a single thought. Wisdom is the occurrence of good thoughts; stupidity is the occurrence of evil thoughts.世间一切都在说法，有的说善法，有的说恶法，有的说旁门左道邪知邪见的法，有的说中道了义正知正见的法。换句话说，说善法，就是教人看得破，放得下，得到自在；说恶法，就教人看不破，放不下，得不到自在。人为什么颠颠倒倒？就因为执着，所以一切放不下。古诗云：古来多少英雄汉，南北山头卧土泥。All things in the world are constantly expounding the Dharma. Some things expound wholesome Dharma, while others expound unwholesome dharma. Some things speak of the deviant knowledge and views of heretics and cultists; other things speak of the proper knowledge and views of the Ultimate Meaning of the Middle Way. In other words, those that speak wholesome Dharma teach people to see through things, to let them go, to become free. Those that speak unwholesome dharma teach people to preserve their illusions and cling tightly to them. They do not allow people to get free. Why are people muddled and disoriented? It’s simply because they’re attached and unable to let go of things. An ancient verse reads,How many of the great heroes from times pastAre lying in the mud beneath the mountains.你们想一想，看一看，世间所有的人，谁能逃出生死关？在一生之中，图个好名，死了，名也没有了！贪个大官，死了，官也没有了！一切都成空了。中国有个秦始皇，他修万里长城，为了保护子孙万代做皇帝。不料才传到第二代胡亥时，只做了三年的皇帝，就被丞相赵高所弒，这不是枉费一番心机吗？So think it over carefully, all of you, and take a good look: of all the people in the world, who can avoid entering the gate of death? Our lives are spent in seeking good reputations; but after we die, where does a good name go? We long for a powerful political office; but after we die, that position vanishes. Everything returns to the void. The First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty of China built the Great Wall to protect his descendants, so that they could continue as emperors for many generations. Unluckily for him, the rule passed only into the next generation, when his son Hu Hai lasted a mere three years as emperor before being murdered by Zhaogao, the Prime Minister. Wouldn’t you call this a waste of effort?古今中外，发大财、当大官的人，胡涂过一生，争名夺利，造了多少孽障；等到死的时候，两手空空去见阎王。由此观之，我们参禅一定要用功，不可懈怠，不可放逸，错过机会，就后悔莫及了。所谓「一寸时光，一寸命光。」有人说：「等我功成名就时，再放下一切，专心修道。」可是时光不等待人的，到那时就晚了。From ancient to modern times, from East to West, people who strike it rich or who occupy high status, for the most part, run through their lives in confusion, striving for name and gain and creating huge karmic obstacles in the process. But when they die, they go empty-handed to pay a visit to King Yama, Lord of the Underworld. When we look at it from this perspective, it compels us to work hard here in our Chan meditation. We must not be lax, nor can we be careless, or else we will miss our chance, and our regrets will come too late. It’s said, "An instant of time is an instant of life." Someone may suggest, "Wait until I make a name for myself and get some success, and then I can put it all down and concentrate on cultivating the Way." Unfortunately, time does not wait for people; by then it will be too late.参禅也好，念佛也好，只要认真修行，都能出离生死关。到临终时，身无病苦，心不贪恋，如入禅定，含笑往生，这才是对生死大事有把握！Whether you practice Chan meditation or recite the Buddha’s name, what matters is that you get serious about your cultivation: then any method can lead you out through the gate of birth and death. Then, when you approach your end, your body will suffer no sickness, your mind will not be fettered by craving, you’ll be as if in Chan samadhi, and you’ll go off to rebirth with a smile. That’s called taking charge of your own birth and death!一九八○年禅七十二月开示A talk given during a Chan sessionin December, 1980…ptg .看重确定要买的前提，联系看图，非诚勿扰

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摘要：在宣化老和尚的教诲中，”善恶不离一念心”这一论述具有深刻的哲理意义。通过这一观点，老和尚指出，人的心念是决定一切善恶行为的根本所在。无论是善行还是恶行，都源于一个瞬间的念头。心念的变化，不仅关乎个人的命运，也影响着周围的人和社会。因此，修行的核心是调整和净化自己的内心世界，做到心境清明，行为合乎道德。在本文中，将从四个方面进行深入探讨，揭示宣化老和尚的这一开示对于修行、生活和社会的深远影响。

1、心念的力量决定一切

宣化老和尚所说的“善恶不离一念心”首先强调了人的心念在一切行为中的主导作用。心念是人类精神活动的源泉，所有的言行举止都是从内心的一念开始的。无论是善意的举动还是恶意的行为，都无法脱离这一点。我们所做的每一件事，背后都与内心的动机密切相关。这也意味着，人要追求善行，首先必须从内心出发，修炼内心的清净和慈悲。

一个瞬间的心念，可能带来一生的影响。例如，起初我们可能仅仅因为一时的情绪做出冲动的决定，但随着时间的推移，这个决策可能会演变成一连串的恶性循环，最终影响到个人的命运。因此，宣化老和尚提醒我们，内心的控制力和觉察力至关重要。只有真正认识到心念的巨大力量，才能更好地掌控自己的行为和未来。

在日常生活中，这种心念的力量同样存在。当我们面临选择时，心念的变化能够决定我们是否采取积极、善良的行为，还是走向负面和恶劣的方向。因此，我们应当时刻警觉自己内心的变化，保持清明和正直的心态，从而在任何情况下都能做出正确的选择。

2、善恶之间无形的界限

宣化老和尚提到的“善恶不离一念心”也揭示了善与恶之间并没有明确的界限。很多时候，恶行的起源并非完全源自恶意，而是由于一时的迷惑或无知。善恶本质上都是从人的心念出发，而心念的根源通常源于个人的认知和情感反应。人心的复杂性决定了善恶之间并非泾渭分明，更多时候是模糊的、相互交织的。

从某种角度来看，所有行为的背后都可能存在某种动机，善行和恶行并非天生对立，而是源自人的心念。一个人在某个时刻可能出于某种善意而做了一件事，但如果缺乏全面的考虑或智慧，最终结果可能带来恶果。反之，一些看似“恶”的行为，可能是由于不得已的选择或误解引发的。所以，宣化老和尚的开示提醒我们，善恶并非绝对，而是心境和认知的产物。

由此可见，人类的行为并非完全由外界因素决定，更多的是由内心的观念、情感和念头所引导。在面对复杂的社会环境时，我们需要通过修行，提升自己的智慧和觉悟，从而使得自己的行为更趋向于善良与正义，避免被消极情绪或误解所误导。

3、修行从内心开始

在“善恶不离一念心”的教义中，修行的根本是修正心念。宣化老和尚强调，所有的行为都源自于内心的动机，因此修行不应仅仅停留在外在的仪式和行为上，更应关注内心的纯净和觉察。修行的真正目的，是使得内心始终保持清净与正直，做到无欲无求、无贪无嗔，从而避免恶念的产生。

修行不是一蹴而就的过程，而是一个持续不断的自我净化过程。通过不断的冥想、反思和修正内心的偏见与误解，人们可以逐渐培养出正直的心态，克服负面的情绪，如嫉妒、愤怒、贪婪等。这些负面情绪和心态，往往是恶行的根源，而只有从根本上消除这些内心的杂念，才能真正做到行为上的清净无碍。

宣化老和尚强调，修行要从内心深处去理解世界，而不是仅仅依赖外在的约束。通过不断的内省和修行，个体可以逐步达到“心无恶念”的境地，从而转化为内外一致的善行。修行的目标不仅是为了获得个人的福报和解脱，更重要的是通过净化自己的内心，影响他人，推动社会的和谐与进步。

4、社会与人际关系中的影响

宣化老和尚的“善恶不离一念心”并不仅仅局限于个人修行的范畴，它同样适用于人与人之间的关系。在日常生活中，我们与他人之间的互动往往是心念相互作用的结果。一个人的心态和情绪可以影响到他周围的人，而这种影响常常是潜移默化的。宣化老和尚指出，社会中的善恶之事往往来源于个人心念的微小变化，因此每个人都应当时刻自省，避免心念的恶化对他人造成伤害。

例如，在家庭、工作和朋友关系中，一个人内心的愤怒、嫉妒或者负面情绪，如果不加以调节，往往会导致言语或行为上的冲突，进而破坏和谐的人际关系。反之，内心的平和、善良和理解，则能够促进良好的沟通和互助，创造出和谐的社会氛围。因此，在人与人交往时，我们应当关注内心的修养，避免消极情绪的蔓延。

宣化老和尚的开示告诉我们，社会和谐的建设不仅仅依赖于外在的规范和制度，更依赖于每个人内心的觉悟和行为的自律。当每个人都能够从内心做到自省和修正，善念的扩散将自然而然地带来社会的正能量。个人的心念影响着集体，而集体的心念最终塑造了整个社会的风气。

总结：

综上所述，宣化老和尚的“善恶不离一念心”这一教义，提醒我们每个人在面对生活中的种种选择时，都要保持清净的心境，善恶的界限并不固定，关键在于一念之间。通过修行，我们可以净化内心，减少恶念的滋生，提升个人的精神境界，从而使我们的行为更符合道德和伦理的标准。

通过对“善恶不离一念心”的深入思考与实践，我们不仅能提升个人的修养，还能对社会产生积极的影响。每个人的心念都是社会和谐的基石，只有当每个人都能从内心做到善念，我们的社会才会更加美好。

本文由nayona.cn整理

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